Programme 2022
8 mars 2022 - 14h30 - 17h30
Séminaire doctoral – Théories et données linguistiques
Larisa AVRAM (University of Bucharest)
Le séminaire est tenu via zoom
On the delay in the production and comprehension of relative clauses in child heritage Romanian
Direct object relatives have been shown to be acquired later than subject relatives in a significant number of languages. The comprehension of direct object relatives has been argued to be even more delayed than their production. One possible cause of this production-comprehension asymmetry was linked, among other factors, to the lower input frequency of these relatives, which would affect comprehension to a higher degree than production. A growing number of studies revealed that vulnerable structures in monolingual acquisition may be even more vulnerable in heritage languages. Against this background, two predictions can be made: (i) direct object relative clause production should be severely delayed in heritage languages, and (ii) under conditions of significantly reduced input, as is the case in heritage language acquisition, comprehension of object relatives should be more vulnerable than their production. These two predictions are tested against data from child heritage Romanian in a French as a majority language context. I present results from one elicited production task and one comprehension task. 36 child heritage speakers of Romanian (ages 4;0-13;02) and 36 monolingual Romanian children (ages 5;0 – 12;06) completed a production task. 60 child heritage speakers of Romanian (ages 3;10 – 13;07) completed a picture-selection matching task. The results indicate that (i) relative clauses are produced later by child heritage speakers; but there is an increase so that at age 10, the production rate is similar to the one found with monolinguals; (ii) comprehension of object relatives is more delayed than their production. But the delay is selective; it affects only object relatives with a post-verbal subject. This asymmetry between object relatives with a pre-verbal and with a post-verbal subject is tentatively argued to be an effect of dominant language interference, not of the low frequency of object relatives in the input.
Programme 2022
11 février 2022 - 14h30 - 17h30
Séminaire doctoral – Théories et données linguistiques
Gilles Polian, CIESAS – Katharina Haude, CNRS, SeDyL
Gilles Polian, CIESAS
Interrogation, pied-piping et spécificité en tseltalan (Maya)
Cette recherche, menée en collaboration avec Judith Aissen (UC Santa Cruz), explore l’interface syntaxe-sémantique concernant les constructions d’interrogation sur le possesseur du type de “de qui as-tu vu le fils ?” en tseltal, tsotsil et ch’ol, qui forment ensemble le groupe tseltalan de la famille maya (Polian 2017). Ce type de question peut se faire de deux manières dans ces langues, selon que le possédé est déplacé en même temps que le pronom interrogatif (pied-piping) ou qu’il est abandonné dans sa position d’origine. À ces deux options correspondent des sémantiques différentes : le possédé déplacé est interprété comme spécifique et topical, tandis que le possédé abandonné est interprété comme non-spécifique. Ces deux possibilités s’illustrent en (1) et (2) respectivement en tseltal. (1) mach’a s-nich’an tal? qui son-fils est.venu De qui le fils est-il venu? [La personne qui est venue, le fils de qui est-il?] (2) mach’a tal s-nich’an? qui est.venu son-fils Qui a un fils qui est venu? En contraste avec d’autres approches qui cherchent des explications essentiellement syntaxiques aux conditions permettant ou non l’extraction de constituants (Huang, 1982, Wexler and Culicover, 1980), nous montrons que c’est la structure de l’information qui joue ici un rôle central dans la régulation entre les deux options structurelles de (1) et (2). En particulier, notre argument principal porte sur le fait que le caractère de topique est lié à l’ascension du possesseur en dehors de son constituant d’origine, position externe depuis laquelle il peut ensuite être l’objet d’un mouvement interrogatif indépendamment du nom possédé, comme en (2). Cette analyse est alimentée par de nombreux exemples de corpus de plusieurs dialectes de tseltal et de tsotsil, en comparaison avec des données de ch’ol. La consistance des données dans ces diverses langues apparentées indique qu’il ne s’agit pas d’un phénomène isolé, mais d’un trait typologique stable qui découle de l’articulation entre sémantique et syntaxe. Notre approche s’aligne donc sur les travaux qui expliquent les restrictions à l’extraction à partir de la structure de l’information, et non à partir de la structure syntaxique (cf. Erteschik-Shir, 1973, 2007; Van Valin, 1986, 1995; Meinunger, 2000).
Katharina Haude, CNRS, SeDyL
Predicational and specificational focus in a predicate-initial language
Movima is an isolate of South-Western Amazonia (Bolivia) with predicate-initial clause structure. It has two focus constructions that superficially look very similar. One is a simple clause with a noun in predicate position and a verb placed inside the argument phrase. Its pragmatically marked status stems from the inversion of the prototypical association of lexical and pragmatic categories. In the other construction, the predicative noun is additionally preceded by a free pronoun. This construction is a cleft, the pronoun and noun together constituting an equational matrix clause. The two constructions also differ in function: the simple clause with a nominal predicate is a simple predication, while the cleft is a specificational sentence. This talk is a contribution to the research on languages that use syntactic means for manipulating information structure.
11 février 2022 - 14h00 - 17h00
Séminaire doctoral – Pratiques langagières – terrains, méthodes, théories
Janus Spindler Møller (University of Copenhagen)
Ethnolinguistic cornering
In this talk I introduce the notion of ethnolinguistic cornering and argue for its relevance in contemporary sociolinguistics. The concept is based on the ethnolinguistic assumption (Blommaert et al. 2012) denoting the alignment of languages and ethnic identities and the idea of the modern subject as mono-cultural and monolingual. The notion of ethnolinguistic cornering is used to describe and understand interactional sequences in which speakers explicitly (re)produce ethnolinguistic assumptions, which are treated as negatively charged by one or more of the interlocutors. An example is the question ”it’s difficult to be bilingual, right? » where “to be bilingual” is constructed in a binary opposition to being monolingual which is considered to be the normal and preferable. Empirically, I focus on instances and discussions of ethnolinguistic cornering, which unfolds among pupils in a linguistically and culturally heterogeneous school in Copenhagen. For instance when minoritized pupils experience ethnolinguistic cornering from teachers and object to being constructed as disadvantaged or when such experiences of being “cornered” influence the pupils’ language ideological reflections. I discuss how the notion of ethnolinguistic cornering relates to current sociolinguistic theory and argue that the notion invites to study nuances in identity work in the light of changing ideological language systems over time.
Programme 2022
21 janvier 2022 - 14h00 - 17h00
Séminaire doctoral – Pratiques langagières – terrains, méthodes, théories
Séance dédiée aux étudiant.e.s
20 janvier 2022 - 9h30 - 12h00
Conseil de laboratoire
Conseil de laboratoire
2 janvier 2022 - Toute la journée
Sybille de Pury nous a quittés le 2 janvier
Sybille, chercheure au CNRS, fut parmi les membres fondateurs de l’équipe de recherche qui deviendra plus tard le Centre d’Etudes des Langues Indigènes d’Amérique (CELIA). Elle entre au CNRS dans les années 70 et y restera jusqu’à sa retraite, au début des années 2000. Elle participa activement à la création de la revue Amerindia en 1976. Elle était linguiste de terrain, spécialiste du nahuatl en particulier à Tzinacapan, puis du garifuna au Belize. Elle a pratiqué pendant quelques années la médiation interculturelle en situation clinique à l’hôpital.
Hommage de ses collègues (bientôt disponible en ligne)
Programme 2021
13 décembre 2021 - 9h30 - 12h30
Soutenance de doctorat
Antonina BONDARENKO : Verbless and Zero-Predicate Sentences: An English and Russian Contrastive Corpus Study
sous la direction de Christine Bonnot et Agnès Celle
La soutenance aura lieu à 9h30 via zoom – https://univ-lille-fr.zoom.us/j/92917938272
10 décembre 2021 - 14h30 - 17h30
Séminaire doctoral – Théories et données linguistiques
Stavros Skopeteas, University of Göttingen.
Complementarity of prosody and syntax: focus and cleft clauses in French, English, German, Chinese
La conférence aura lieu via zoom
Focus constructions may appear in different arrays of contexts depending on language: while cleft constructions are associated with contrastive focus in English, they appear in a larger array of contexts in French. A part of the cross-linguistic variation is accounted for through independent differences in prosody that influence the array of focus structures that can be mapped onto the same syntactic configuration. In the present study, we compare four languages that represent different prosodic types: – languages with flexible pitch accent placement (English, German), – a language that relies on prosodic phrasing (French) and – a language with lexical tones (Mandarin Chinese). In a speech production experiment, we examine the prosodic realization of corrective focus on canonical sentences and cleft constructions and identify prosodic reflexes of focus in all languages. In a second experiment, we elicit judgments of contextual felicity of canonical and cleft constructions in contexts with different domains of corrective focus. The outcome of this experiment reveals a typological distinction between languages with flexible pitch accent placement (English, German) and languages with other types of reflexes of focus (French, Chinese). The former languages (but not the latter) use canonical constructions without contextual restrictions; the use of cleft constructions with a focus in the cleft clause (in corrective contexts) has an advantage in the former languages compared to the latter. These findings indicate that the prosodic reflexes of focus in various languages have different semantic-pragmatic import and accordingly a different impact on the array of focus structures of the same constructions in each language.
10 décembre 2021 - 14h30 - 17h30
Séminaire doctoral – Théories et données linguistiques
Animé par A. Donabédian et A. Mardale
14h30-17h30
Stavros Skopeteas, University of Göttingen.
Complementarity of prosody and syntax: focus and cleft clauses in French, English, German, Chinese
La conférence aura lieu via zoom
7 décembre 2021 - 10h00 - 12h00
Séminaire Science ouverte : enjeux et méthodes
Organisé par Natalia Caceres et Stefano Manfredi – 10h-12h
Penser les sciences ouvertes dans les suds : Mise en oeuvre de stratégies de rechercheouverte dans les pays du Sud. Jean-Christophe Desconnets, Directeur de la Mission Science Ouverte(IRD).
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